Environmental Problems Air Pollution Essay - 2135 Words

Introduction: Air pollution is among the critical challenges facing modern societies and is one of the most pressing environing mental problems. Air pollution is accountable for major harmful effects on human strength, animal survives, natural ecosystems and the man-made environment. It is also responsible for climate change due to the improved greenhouse effect, acid rain, and the reduction of the ozone layer that inaugurate important global environmental problems. Air pollution occurs both outdoors and indoors and is caused by human activities and natural mechanisms. Although air quality degradation because of air pollution is a global problem that threatens humanity’s wellbeing overall, it is largely associated with environmental bias.†¦show more content†¦(Anastasia Dimitriou and Vasilia Christidou, 2011) Indoor air pollution: Indoor air pollution mentions to the amount of chemical, biological and physical pollutants in the air confidential a building. Indoor air pollution can often be inferior to outdoor air pollution. There is a extensive range of indoor air pollutant causes in houses including building resources, hard-pressed wood goods and equipment, dominant heating and cooling systems, several individual care or household cleaning products, painting colors, solvents, heating or cooking applications (stoves, wood and gas burning fireplaces, gas fires), tobacco burn, office machineries and a diversity of other crops used in daily events. (Anastasia Dimitriou and Vasilia Christidou, 2011) In addition, outdoor pollutants are also found in indoor places, such as radon (a natural trace component of soil and ground). The main foundation of indoor air pollution is household burning of coal or biomass for cooking and warming. It is projected that more than half of the world’s population trusts on animal dung, wood, crop waste, or coal to meet their most elementary energy needs. The main indoor pollutants that can almost be drawn in any home are between others formaldehyde, asbestos,Show MoreRelatedThe Environmental Problem Of Air Pollution897 Words   |  4 PagesAir pollution has become a very costly environmental problem in terms of both human lives and in terms of billions of dollars lost for health-care expenditure and crop damage. In this essay, I shall identify the main air pollutants in my community, having contacted the local pollution control authorities. I will compare my own community with others and discuss my findings. Finally, I shall discuss two of my own skills or interests which could be applied, if I had the time and resources, to helpRead MoreAir Pollution Is A Costly Environmental Problem878 Words   |  4 PagesAir pollution has become very costly environmental problem in terms of both human lives and in terms of billions of dollars lost for health-care expenditure and crop damage. Contact the pollution control authorities in your community for the levels or air pollutants. Identify main air pollutants and the possible causes of air pollution. How does your community compare to others? Discuss your findings. The main two air pollutants in air above SanDiego, CA seems to be comprised of Ozone (O3) andRead MoreEffects Of Air Pollution Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesNia Wilson The effects of Air pollution Environmental pollution is the key concern for the humanity. It does not have any borders each member of our planet is affected by its devastating effects. Air pollution is the main factor contributing to general environmental problems. It is the emission of particulates, harmful materials, and biological molecules in the Earth’s atmosphere and is caused by both human and natural factors. The effects of air pollution are shocking. It causes numerous diseasesRead MoreThe Threat Of Greenhouse Gases1456 Words   |  6 Pagesnew kind of threat to environmental security. As humanity continues to neglect and abuse the environment our future generations will be facing severe environmental hardships. Humankind is the biggest danger to environmental security. According to the U.S Census Bureau as of October 2016 the most populated country in the world is China with the population of 1, 373,541,248 people (U.S. Census Bureau, 2016). It is not a surprise that China is also one of the b iggest pollution contributors due to itsRead MoreSimulation Of Modeling And Distributed Simulation1392 Words   |  6 Pages Simulation on monitoring Environmental Pollution - Harini Ramasahayam Introduction Environment is the surrounding or the biosphere of the earth that consists of air, water and land in which humans, plants and animals live. Environmental pollution is defined as the presence of pollutants or impure substances in the environment that causes adverse effects and contaminate it. Environmental pollution is caused by human activitiesRead MoreThe Effects Of Environmental Pollution On The Environment1405 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Environmental pollution is a major problem in the world, posing many health risks to both humans and the environment when exposed to the pollutants for long periods of time. Environmental pollution can simply be defined as â€Å"the presence in the environment of an agent which is potentially damaging to either the environment or human health (Briggs, 2003, 2).† There are many different types of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution. Environmental pollution needsRead MoreThe Effects Of Air Pollution On The Environment Essay1198 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment. Environmental pollution will cause direct damage to the ecosystem and impact, such as desertification, forest destruction, water eutrophication, will also give ecological systems and human society caused by indirect harm, and sometimes this indirect environmental effects than the harm caused Of the direct harm is greater, more difficult to eliminate. For example, the greenhouse effect, acid rain, and ozone depletion are the environmental effects of air pollution. This environmental effectRead MoreEssay On Air Pollution1677 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis 3: Air Pollution There are multiple environmental issues that exist and are constantly harming the planet. Many of these issues have effects that are unique to certain countries, or even effects that are similar to other countries. Overall, these issues can be similar or dissimilar in multiple aspects, such as the biological, physical, and cultural perspectives. The causes and effects, problem severity, citizen perceptions, and proposed solutions and efforts to repair these problems may alsoRead MoreAir Pollution Is Something That Every Country Suffer From.896 Words   |  4 PagesAir pollution is something that every country suffer from. The United States of America is one of those countries. According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), pollution levels in many areas of the United States exceed national air quality standards. With air pollution exceeding air quality, some political parties are willing to take action, while others are not. Understanding the most current presidential candidat es’ views on air pollution is vital to ensure who will protect the childrenRead MoreInadequate Sanitary Facilities At Dhaka Water And Sewerage Authority ( Dwasa ) Essay1596 Words   |  7 PagesFacilities Inadequate sanitation facilities pose a serious environmental threat in Bangladesh. Dhaka Water and Sewerage Authority (DWASA) can serve only for 15 to 20% of city population. In absence of the sanitation and infrastructural services, 40% having septic tank and soak pit, 15% using pit latrines and 30% using open latrines. The sewage is mostly released into low-lying areas and river water in untreated manner causing great environmental hazards. 4. Arsenic Contamination of Ground Water Arsenic

Investment and Education

Question: Discuss about the Report for Investment and Education. Answer: Topic: Investment in Education is the most important investment a developing country can make Background: Education has long been an integral part that has helped in the development of the society. Investing in the education system of a country will ultimately lead to the development of the country. Outline: Education provides development in the knowledge and skills of an individual. Attending various levels of education system like high school, college and University prepares an individual to become professional. Effort from professional front contributes to the development of the country. Thesis: Investment in education can lead to development of a country. 1. Social issue: Argument: Counter argument: Refutation: Salgr, (2013) commented that education has made peasants into Frenchmen; Education has made Subject into Citizen. Social equality is more important than economic equality. Thus, it is evident that education has lead to social and economic equality. Several studies have suggested that education is the only means of increasing diversity and cosmopolitanism that ultimately leads to tolerance and less suspicion of the education. An individual becomes open-minded that ultimately creates a trust towards others in the society (Maurer, 2011). It has been further argued that free education that started in the 19th Century in the Western Countries has lead to the growth of the identification of the Nation States (Kruss et al., 2015). With major empirical researches, it has been found that the trust of people on each other has increased in countries like UK, Germany, USA and that is one of the major reasons behind the success of these Nations. Further, Kruss et al. (2015) added that when people are educated, they can easily represent themselves in other countries as well. An educated person does not find is difficult to cope with economical or societal situation of other countries. Education helps to create a good bonding among the people and there remains a better chance that the relationship with people will become better. Therefore, there is no doubt that education helps directly or indirectly in the development of a nation. Another important point that has been raised as a part of the importance of education for a Nation State is that in the recent scenario, majority of the Nation State has become democratic and the people of the nation has got the power to select the right representative for their country. Being educated helps a person to decide whom they should vote and help them to decide between two parties. The importance of voting cannot be neglected at any case (Krzyminiewska, 2012). Apart from the voting factor, education also helps an individual to get job. Every company wants qualified and well educated employees for their company. It is only when the person is educated the company decides to hire the particular person for the particular company. Chabbott, (2013) has pointed out that in lieu of getting degrees to show people that an individual is well educated, some people take the support of fake degrees from private Universities and Colleges. This way, an individual surely gets a degree but the value of the degree does not holds the same importance (Rist, 2016). In addition to this, these scams are followed by huge monetary transaction that ultimately results in corruption in the particular country. These scenarios for obvious reasons do not support any kind of development of the particular nation or country. There have been lots of discussions made on the fact that education helps in the development of a country. There have been more evidences on the fact that education has provided the opportunity to open up the horizon to the people of a Nation to think about their own country. There is no doubt that increasing trust among the people will help the Nation as a whole to make improvement (Petersen et al., 2016). Increasing corruption and mal practices as a result of gaining better acknowledgement in the field of education is changing the social condition of the Nation. In order to overcome these negative impacts, a thorough check and regulation on the education system needs to be kept under consideration. 2. Economic issue: Argument: Counter argument: Refutation: Reading Charron et al. (2016), it has been found that in the contemporary competitive world, it has become important for an individual to have certain specific skills to compete with the world and that shall help in the progress of an individual as well. Charron et al. (2016) has referred education as the specific skills needed for the development of the country. In addition to this, it has also been pointed that education not only helps in improving specific skill of a person but education is equally import in shaping the economical and societal condition of the country. When investment is made on the educational system of a country, the citizens of the country also find it evident to contribute towards the nation or the society. People feel the necessity of contributing towards the development of the nation. With proper education, people become aware about their rights and duties that they have as a citizen of the country (Arthur, Hisrichb Cabrera, 2012). Therefore, a kind of rationalism takes birth that ultimately helps the person to find ways to reform against any oppressive situation. In the contemporary situation, power should rest on the citizens of the country rather than the bureaucrats and higher official people. It is only possible when the people are educated enough to understand the difference between the right and the wrong. Coleman, (2015) suggested that development of a country depends on the economical standard of the country. Economy of a country increases with increasing per capital income. This is possible when people of the particular country get better opportunity of earning. Therefore, an industrially developed nation provides better opportunities to the people of the country to earn money. This is a better way for the development of the country (Majhanovich Geo-JaJa, 2013). Therefore, if the government of the country focuses more on the industrial development rather than educational standard of the people, then there remained better possibilities for the country to develop or prosper. Proper investments should be made in every individual sector including the educational sector that calls for the overall development of a country (Arends, 2014). There have been many times when arguments have been made to increase the investment on the education sector of the particular country. It is because, it is evident that there is no doubt that investment in the educational sector would not go into vain and it will ultimately result in the overall development of the country and its people (Fgerlind Saha, 2014). The governmental guidelines and rules and regulations needs to keep checked for the sake of improving the educational system of a particular nation. There is a reason behind the development of the major developed Nations because the government of the country focuses equally on the education system of the nation along with the other sectors like defense or security or industrial development (Myezwa, McConkey Mariga, 2014). Summary and Thesis: The essay focuses on the factors that highlight the importance of education in the dev elopement of a country. There have been many arguments made for the topic that supports the fact that education is indeed important for the overall improvement of the country. However, there have been many instances when it has been observed that for fighting with the situation of gaining the value of education, many people are getting redirected towards getting educational degree by the means of illegal activities. It is for the same reason, the overall reputation of the country decreases. Thus, it is evident that proper regulation and check on the educational system shall help to improve the condition of the country as a whole. Reference list: Arends, R. (2014).Learning to teach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Arthur, S. J., Hisrich, R. D., Cabrera, . (2012). The importance of education in the entrepreneurial process: A world view.Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development,19(3), 500-514. Chabbott, C. (2013).Constructing education for development: International organizations and education for all. Routledge. Charron, N., Rothstein, B., Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gteborgs universitet, Department of Political Science, . . . Quality of Government Institute (QoG). (2016). Does education lead to higher generalized trust? the importance of quality of government.International Journal of Educational Development,50, 59-73. Coleman, J. S. (2015).Education and Political Development.(SPD-4)(Vol. 4). Princeton University Press. Fgerlind, I., Saha, L. J. (2014).Education and national development: A comparative perspective. Elsevier. Kruss, G., McGrath, S., Petersen, I., Gastrow, M. (2015). Higher education and economic development: The importance of building technological capabilities.International Journal of Educational Development,43, 22-31. Krzyminiewska, G. (2012). Social development of social country area versus economic education of young generation.Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development,2(24), 151-158. Majhanovich, S., Geo-JaJa, M. A. (2013).Economics, aid and education : Implications for development(1st ed.). Dordrecht: SensePublishers. Maurer, M. (2011).Skill formation regimes in south Asia: A comparative study on the path-dependent development of technical and vocational education and training for the garment industry. Frankfurt: Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften. Myezwa, H., McConkey, R., Mariga, L. (2014).Inclusive education in low-income countries: A resource book for teacher educators, parent trainers and community developmentDisability Innovations Africa Petersen, I., Gastrow, M., Kruss, G., McGrath, S. (2016). Higher education and economic development: the importance of building technological capabilities. Rist, D. W. (2016).The export of legal education: Its promise and impact in transition countries. Farnham: Routledge Ltd. Salgr, S. A. (2013). The importance of education in economic growth.Manager,(18), 47.

Letter of Intent free essay sample

In its purest form, graduate studies provide a unique opportunity that offers advanced knowledge, insight, discoveries and wisdom that results in significant, persistent and beneficial effects on the career of any scholar. This is far from the general engineering knowledge one mainly gets from his first-degree programme. Hence, I wish to study petroleum engineering in your graduate school (University of Alaska, Fairbanks) not only to benefit from your highly acclaimed engineering programme but also to enable me gain advanced knowledge and insight that is required to pursue my vision of becoming a petroleum engineer of choice in the oil and gas world. With the field proven thirst to make impact in the petroleum world which I develop during my six months industrial training with ELF Petroleum Nigeria Limited , I strongly believe that this research based graduate programme in Petroleum Engineering (M. Sc) will provide the professional background knowledge that is required for my career goal. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter of Intent or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I am OGUGBUE, CHINENYE CHIBUIKE EXCEL, an energetic young man of about twenty three (23) years old. I am excellent in academics, well-behaved, disciplined, very neat, hardworking and a team player. My highest educational qualification is a B. Eng (2003) first class honours in Petroleum Engineering obtained from Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria. I had a sound senior secondary school education and General Certificate in Education result (1996) at Ngwa High School, Abayi, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria. In addition, I sat for and passed my first school leaving certificate examination after completing my elementary education at Abayi – Umuocham Community Primary School 1 Abayi, Aba, Abia State, Nigeria in 1990. (Copies of my results attached). Furthermore, my strength lies in the ability to work or study under varying/irregular odds and time schedule in an environment that will motivate me in contributing my possible best towards the institutions planned objectives while realizing my professional aspirations through an unwavering pursuit of excellence as well. I am an active member of the society of Petroleum Engineers and the American Association of Petroleum Geologist. Finally, I possess excellent research skills, a good command of English language and a practical knowledge of how to use a computer system (i. e. I’m proficient in the use of Microsoft Excel, Word, Power Point, DOS, Internet Explorer and conversant with Corel Draw, Unix Operating System and Computer Programming). [emailprotected] org [emailprotected] com +234(0805)6700032.

Families and Young Children What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline

Families and Young Children What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline Background Good discipline in children is always the desire of every parent and for this reason; parents must know and learn strategies that constitute good discipline among their children.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Families and Young Children: What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In advising parents about effectiveness, methods of instilling discipline in their children the relationship between the parents and the children, importance of good behaviours and consequences of bad behaviours are of great concern (Carey, 2003). The word discipline is adopted from a Greek word discipline, which can be interpreted as teaching or instructing. The early stages of a child’s development are essential in the development of a child discipline and any values that a child acquires at this stage of development will be reflected in their adulthood (Powers, 1990). The purpose of this study therefore was to investigate how parents can be effective in disciplining their children. The study therefore was an investigation on the effectiveness of the various methods that can be applied in instilling discipline among children (Kohlberg, 1992). In this study, the investigation was carried out among children below the school age. In addition, the main aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the different approaches that are taken by parents in disciplining their children. Good relationship between parents and their children is an effective method of promoting good discipline among children (Papalia, 2006). Good behaviour among children requires an effort from both the child and the parents and for this reason rewarding desirable behaviour is not only important in encouraging good behaviour but it can be an effective tool for instilling discipline among children. Punishment for bad behaviour has always been thought to be a solution for bad behavi our among children. However, corporal punishment is not an effective method of disciplining children (mash Wolfe, 2008).Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Synthesis The relationship between parents and their children is an effective tool of promoting good behaviour. Children cannot be forced to have good behaviour and therefore encouraging good behaviour among children becomes effective in promoting good behaviours. Good relationship between the child and the parents ensures children of their security and hence promote their behaviour (Wallis, 2003). Rewarding children for good behaviour is an effective strategy of encouraging children to behave well (Sears Maccoby 1976). The parents or guardians must make an effort in the promotion of good behaviour among children and hence rewarding children for their good behaviour is a method that has been known to work. Although punish ing children for the mistakes they commit has been applied by many parents, as a method for promoting good behaviour among children the fact is that this method is not effective. Continued use of this method will also promote bad behaviour among children. Actually, it will harden their response to any effort meant at promoting good behaviour that is it will make children rebel against the authority and their parents. Corporal punishment is one of the biggest mistakes that parents can make as a method of promoting good behaviours among children (McCord, 1996). Method During the investigation, several methods were applied to collect and analyze the data with the main aim of producing a comprehensive report on children behaviour. The subjects of the investigation were parents, children below school age and nurses assigned with the role of taking care of children in children homes and homes of individual parents. The investigation was divided into two parts where the first study was to focus on response from children and the second part was to focus on the parent’s side of the story. In this study, the data collection tools that were applied were questionnaires, interviews and direct observation. These tools were applied on the two phases of the study according to their suitability. In the first phase of the investigation, parents and baby sitters were given questionnaires, which they were expected to fill and hand back to the field interviewers within one day.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Families and Young Children: What Constitutes Effective Parental Discipline? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The questionnaires used had structured question where some were open-ended questions while others were closed ended questions. These questions were designed in such a way that they could provide us with sufficient information that was required in the study. The questions in the questionnaires were designed in a way that they addressed the interests of both the parents and the children. The questions therefore enquired about the methods that parents and guardians think are effective in promoting good behaviour among children. The questions also investigated on how children view the discipline measures applied by their parents and guardians (Pantley, 2007). Observation was also another effective tool that was used in the investigation. During the study, our fieldwork representatives were supposed to select a case study, which was supposed to be a home or a baby care centre. The representatives then spent about one day in this selected place and carried out an observation on the behaviour of children and on their response from various disciplinary measures that were applied by their guardians. The field representative also observed on the relationship between the child and the parent or the guardian before and after a child was punished or was involved in bad behaviour. The use of secondary resources was also applied as a method of finding ideas about the research problem. The secondary sources used to find the information that were required in the study were books, magazines, and journals, which were obtained from the library resources. Each member of our group was involved actively in identifying and finding these recourses (Wendkos-Olds, 2006). In the study, the data collected was recorded in tables and various parameters were assigned according to the research findings. The data was then analyzed using statistical software SPSS to evaluate mean, median and the variance. Results In the study, the findings were that children who had good relationship or those who took their parents as their friends had good behaviors. Parents who did not have good relationship with their children used inappropriate methods to discipline their children. Children who were rewarded for good behaviors by their parents or guardians had better behaviors than those who we re not rewarded. Children who were constantly punished for a particular bad behavior were more likely to repeat the same mistake than those who received counseling. Parents who applied corporal punishment as a method of dealing with children who misbehaved did not have good relationship with their children as compared to those who did not punish their children. Children were afraid of punishment. Parents use corporal punishment on their children as the last alternative. Discussions Good relationship between children and their parents or guardians is a known effective method that can be applied in promoting good behaviours among children. In the study, there was a direct correlation between good behaviour in children and strong relationship between children and their parents (Salkind, 2006).Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The reason why children who have good relations with their parents behaved well is because such children confided in their parents and they believed in their parents as their guides and mentors (MacDonald, 2000). In the investigation, it was found out that children who were rewarded for good behaviours are likely to behave badly in the future (Sears Maccoby, 1976). Children learn through imitations and for this reason, rewarding children for good behaviours are an incentive that has been known to work. On the other hand, children who lacked incentive for good behaviour did not see the reason for continuing with good behaviour and in the end; they behaved badly (Straus Donnelly, 2001). Although most parents and guardians have the idea that corporal punishment is a tool for discouraging bad behaviour in children it does not work in the long term. In a report released recently less that, 59% of paediatricians recommend it (McCormick, 1992). Children who are constantly punished for co mmitting a certain mistake become used to the punishment and therefore at the end they stop responding to the punishment and misbehave constantly (Garmezy Rutter, 2003). Conclusion Good behaviour in children is an important factor in their development and in building strong relationship between them and their children. Punishing children for bad behaviour is a short-term solution or method of dealing with bad behaviour among children. Although establishing good relationship between parents and their children do not have immediate results it is a good method of ensuring good behaviour among children in the long term. References Carey, S. (2003). The whole child: Rrestoring wonder to the art of parenting. Oxford. Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Garmezy, N., Rutter, M. (2003). Stress, coping, and development in children. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Kohlberg, L. (1992). Development of moral character and moral ideology. New York, NY: Russell-Sage Foundation. MacDonald, A. (2000). Parenting with heart. Haverford: Infinity Publishers. Mash, E., Wolfe, D. (2008). Abnormal Child Psychology. Belmont: Cengage Learning McCormick K. (1992). Attitudes of primary care physicians toward corporal punishment. JAMA267, 3161, 3165 McCord, J. (1996). Unintended consequences of punishment. Pediatrics. ; 98:832–834 Pantley, E. (2007). The no-cry discipline solution: Gentle ways to encourage good behaviour: New York: McGraw Hill. Papalia, D. (2006). A childs world: Infancy through adolescence (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Powers, S (1990). Adjusting chair time-out enforcement procedures for oppositional children. Behav Ther21, 257, 271 Salkind, N. (2006). Encyclopedia of human development Volume 1. Michigan: Sage Publication Sears, R., Maccoby, E. (1976). Patterns of child rearing. California: Stanford University Press. Straus, M., Donnelly, D. (2001). Beating the devil out of them: Corporal punishment in America. New Jersey. Transaction Publishers. Wallis, M. ( 2003) A parent’s guide to preparing your child for school: London. Pascal Press. Wendkos-Olds, S. (2006). A childs world: Infancy through adolescence (10th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Problem Solution, A health issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Problem Solution, A health issue - Essay Example Scientists and physicians together with health organizations have published several articles addressing the issue. Furthermore, the majority of the people have a notion that women cannot have muscles due to lack of hormones associated with the same. Contrary to what majority think, women can have a well defined muscular body with proper training. In this case, proper training involves lifting weights and not just any weights but heavy weights. Having enough muscles ensures proper metabolism. Increasing the percentage of muscles in ones body increases the metabolism rate. Physicians refer to this as the basic metabolism rate (BMR). Defined and well-structured muscles increase the BMR thus ensuring that calories are burnt even when an individual is resting. The burning of the excess calories ensured fitness and desired body size and shape. The addition of exercise to the condition ensures that no matter the amount of calories consumed in a day, one does not add weight in an undesirable manner. One of the benefits of weightlifting can be seen at old age. At the age of 20s to 30s one does not see the need to exercise and concerns of old age stability is for the future. However, training as early as possible for women does not only lead to building of muscles but also improvement of bone density. The increase in bone density would ensure stronger bones and thus stability. Most reported cases of bone problems involve women at old age due to low bone density compared to men. Exercising by lifting weights can enable a woman be more stable at old age minimizing bone-related problems. Maintenance of good bone health involves regular training and lifting of weights that necessitates the need to lift weights and maintain fitness among women. The level of testosterone hormones among ladies is low compared to men. However, the low level of the hormone found in women varies from one woman to another. It is the hormone

MidTerm Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MidTerm - Term Paper Example The language of the text appears to reflect typical speech patterns of a relatively wealthy and educated woman of that time, as is evident in the opening lines, written in the first person, which refer to antiquated concepts such as â€Å"ancestral halls† which have â€Å"something queer† about them (Gilman 1). The descriptive adjectives that the narrator uses to describe the setting are sensuous and exuberant, such as for example the â€Å"delicious† garden (Gilman 1) and the yellow wallpaper which has â€Å"one of those sprawling flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin† (Gilman 2). This sharp power of observation contrasts with the narrator’s vague and hesitant mention of things to do with her husband’s medical work, such as for example the phrase â€Å"So I take phosphates or phosphites – whichever it is†. The narrator describes without irony how her husband calls her â€Å"a blessed little goose,† and the co mbination of her diffidence and his patronizing tone reveals that there is a clear hierarchy within the marriage. John dominates his wife, and she accepts infantilizing epithets as if it they are entirely natural and normal. At times the narrator uses strongly moral or even biblical language, as for example when she describes the wall-paper’s patchy appearance which shows it has been picked off despite the fact that it â€Å"sticketh closer than a brother† (Gilman 3). As the story progresses, the wallpaper assumes an increasingly powerful control over the narrator, and this is revealed in the compulsion that she feels to â€Å"follow that pointless pattern† (Gilman 4) which is endlessly repeated on the wall. Strange female forms appear in the pattern, as if they are trapped behind bars, and the subject matter of the latter half of the story is taken over by musings on the meaning of the paper, and its shifting appearance as the light changes from day to night. T he implications of this point of view are that the story represents the fate of women in general, imprisoned in marital obligation, and not allowed to escape into the fresh air of the world outside patriarchal dominance. As the wallpaper takes over the story, the narrator’s own personality retreats, so that in the end the subject matter is mainly the nocturnal musings of a woman who is losing her sense of self. The narratorial point of view does not change, since the whole story is told through the eyes of the main character, but as the story progresses the subject matter becomes more bizarre. The narrator is becoming one of the imprisoned women in the pattern, and the story shows the step by step descent into this pitiful condition. Clearly the narrator is unaware of the seriousness of this mental decline, since she makes light of the change in her daily routine, and imagines that she sees the woman in the paper creeping about outside the house. This is not a rational propos ition, but it is presented as a factual observation by the narrator, and no doubt makes sense to her. The narrator persona shifts from being an apparently normal woman, who has a vivid imagination and likes writing stories, into an unreliable describer of events. The growing unreliability of the narrative voice makes the ending very difficult to interpret, because there appears to be an element of delusion or

Sport specialization in children

Sport specialization in children Youth Sport Specialization Abstract Children should be encouraged to participate in a lot of different physical activities to develop a wide range of skills. Safety is an important factor of why sport specialization is such a big research topic. This paper will look at the research to determine at what age is the most beneficial for a youth athlete to specialize in one sport. The term â€Å"sport specialization† is defined as intense year round training in a single sport with the exclusion of other sports at a very young age. The myth of the only way to master a skill is 10,000 hours of practice will be looked at and what affects that might have on child as opposed to a more mature athlete. Keywords: Sport specialization, year-round training, burnout. Youth sport participation proves a rewarding experience for young athletes in which they can develop psychological, social, and physical benefits. It can also for some athletes serve as an opportunity to cultivate athletic talent similarly to school cultivating knowledge. The problem is that athletic talent development and the process how that occurs is misunderstood and it often results in unsuitable practices. Sport specialization is one way that young athletic talent can be abused. Sport specialization has been going on for years. With the new technology and advances in the medical field new research has been going on to determine what is the appropriate age group a person should start specializing in their specific sport to one day achieve a professional contract. â€Å"Sport scientists have reported that there are critical periods in the life of a young athlete in which the effects of training can be maximized† (Leite Sampaio, 2012). Over the last twenty years the practice of specializing in one sport on a year-round basis has increased. In a survey of 152 high schools athletic directors over 70 percent of them felt that sport specialization was on the rise (Hill Simons, 1989). Some of the important factors contributing the increase in sport specialization included: pressure from coaches, athlete’s want to participate in championships, an emphasis on specialization in the area the athlete lived, the high expectations of parents, and encouragem ent from college recruiters. The exact number of young athletes specializing today is not exactly known even though research shows that it is on the rise. Concerns over specialization include that athletic performance cannot be narrowed down to a specific age in childhood and correlate directly to performance at a later age. According to Weirsma, â€Å"98% of athletes who specialize will never reach the highest levels of the sport (2000). From the perspective of sociology early specialization can isolate the young athlete from friends and hinder normal identity development. Early specialization is also thought to be related to an increase in burnout or withdrawal from sport as a result of prolonged stress. One of the theories grabbed by pro specialization people is Ericsson’s 10,000 hours of deliberate practice (1996). The most important question is what age should young athletes specialize in a specific sport? Researchers and professionals are concerned that specialization is happening at too young of an age. Preliminary evidence shows that early specialization has little advantages, but it may also have negative psychological, social, and physical effects on young kids. The American Academy of Pediatrics (2000) ask for caution when it comes to early specialization. They also stress the importance of providing young athletes and coaches recommendations and knowledge to help them with avoiding the negative effects of early specialization. One of the key terms used in sport specialization is â€Å"year-round training†. This term is used for young athletes who are involved in A.A.U. or club sports that operate outside of a student’s school team sports. This is seen in basketball, volleyball, and soccer. Swimming and gymnastics are the outliers when it comes to sports. Gymnastics is proven that a child at a younger age is more flexible and can teach train their bodies to participate in the sport at high level at a young age. Most athletes who dedicate their young lives to gymnastics will stop when they hit puberty due to their body not being able to keep the flexibility they had when they were younger or they become burnout on the sport. Another key term used is â€Å"burnout†. Burnout occurs when the athlete either becomes bored with the sport or the outside stress put on the athlete by parents and coaches becomes too much for the athlete to handle and they drop out of the sport. For the future this topic of sport specialization will become evident with the students and athletes that I will be over as an athletic director. In high school I will see students either not wanting to participate in sports due to their previous experience in sports or I will have students with constant injuries due to their specialization in a specific sport. It is important to continually be looking at research so that I can hopefully educate my parents that I will be in contact with daily as well as the coaches that I will be conversing with directly. It is vital that my parents understand the potential issues and problems sport specialization can have on their son or daughter. It is also going to require discretion when I have these conversations with adults. There needs to be understand that the parents have sacrificed a lot of money, time, and miles so that their child can succeed in sports. Some parents may be open to hearing the research on the topic and others may be angry with even the suggestion that what they are choosing to do with their child is wrong. One idea is to post the research found on the school’s website along with other major issues seen in schools and sports across the United States. This will allow the parents the option to understand themselves what the research is saying about specific topics such as sport specialization and it can help them make decisions according to what they interpret from the research. It would be ideal to internship with a local middle school and high school athletic director to see what their day to day life is like during the school year and summer. This experience will help with the understanding of dealings with other schools, scheduling of games and referees, dealings with athletes, coaches, and parents directly, as well as what it takes to be in a highly touted position. It would also be interesting to ask questions of people in the athletic director position on tough decisions they have had to m ake and why they chose one decision over the other. I foresee the internship as a priceless experience that can answer a lot of questions as well as show the ins and outs of what it takes to be an athletic director in the area. In conclusion sport specialization is important for any athlete to become elite. As the research points out the hard part is pinpointing the age at which a child should specialize. The whole issue with specialization is raised because of safety. The most important goal of any coach, parent, or athletic director is safety. When the safety of the athlete is compromised it can be detrimental to the athletes psyche emotionally and physically. As long as the athlete’s safety is held in the highest regard then the job is done. Hopefully as more research comes to light on sport specialization parents, coaches, and athletic directors will use it to keep the athlete safe because life after sports is more important than the short term sporting career most athletes will have. References AAP Advises Against Early Sports Specialization. (2000).Physician Sportsmedicine,28(8), 15. Intensive Training and Sports Specialization in Young Athletes. (2000).Pediatrics,106(1), 154. Baker, J., Cobley, S., Fraser-Thomas, J. (2009). What do we know about early sport specialization? Not much!.High Ability Studies,20(1), 77-89. doi:10.1080/13598130902860507 Bodey, K. J., Judge, L. W., Hoover, J. V. (2013). Specialization in Youth Sport: What Coaches Should Tell Parents.Strategies (08924562),26(1), 3-7. Callender, S. S. (2010). The Early Specialization of Youth in Sports.Athletic Training Sports Health Care: The Journal For The Practicing Clinician,2(6), 255-257. Capranica, L., Millard-Stafford, M. L. (2011). Youth Sport Specialization: How to Manage Competition and Training?.International Journal Of Sports Physiology Performance,6(4), 572-579. Christianson, P., Deutsch, J. (2012). Making a Case for Early Sport Specialization in Youth Athletes.Journal Of Youth Sports,6(2), 3-6. Clarke, N. J., Harwood, C. G. (2014). Parenting experiences in elite youth football: A phenomenological study.Psychology Of Sport Exercise,15(5), 528-537. Gonà §alves, C. B., Rama, L. L., Figueiredo, A. B. (2012). Talent Identification and Specialization in Sport: An Overview of Some Unanswered Questions.International Journal Of Sports Physiology Performance,7(4), 390-393. Hill, G. M., Simons, J. (1989). A study of the sport specialization on high school athletics. Journal of Sport Social Issues, 13(1), 1-13. Leite, N. C., Sampaio, J. E. (2012). Long-Term Athletic Development Across Different Age Groups and Gender from Portuguese Basketball Players.International Journal Of Sports Science Coaching,7(2), 285-300. McLeod, T. V., Decoster, L. C., Loud, K. J., Micheli, L. J., Parker, J. T., Sandrey, M. A., White, C. (2011). National Athletic Trainers Association Position Statement: Prevention of Pediatric Overuse Injuries.Journal Of Athletic Training (National Athletic Trainers Association),46(2), 206-220. Mostafavifar, A. M., Best, T. M., Myer, G. D. (2013). Early sport specialisation, does it lead to long-term problems?.British Journal Of Sports Medicine,47(17), 1060-1061. NYLAND, J. (2014). Coming to Terms With Early Sports Specialization and Athletic Injuries.Journal Of Orthopaedic Sports Physical Therapy,44(6), 389-390. Russell, W. D. (2014). The Relationship between Youth Sport Specialization, Reasons for Participation, and Youth Sport Participation Motivations: A Retrospective Study.Journal Of Sport Behavior,37(3), 286-305. Wall, M., Cà ´t, J. (2007). Developmental activities that lead to dropout and investment in sport.Physical Education Sport Pedagogy,12(1), 77-87. doi:10.1080/17408980601060358 Wiersma, L.D., (2000). Risks and benefits of youth sport specialization: Perspectives and recommendations. Pediatric Exercise Science, 12, 13-22.